Key challenges in the implementation of sustainable development in Nigeria
Article by Nwagbo Onuoha
Sustainable development is a long-term solution with plans on how to create societies with indefinite progress in the future and a guaranteed safe habitat for future generations. It is worthy to note that the world we live in consists of a growing population requiring more resources to sustain it and most of the resources we are dependent on are not renewable. How then will it be possible to sustain societies with growing populations when these resources are fast depleting? For example, in the case of Nigeria, how will a country with 70% reliance majorly on crude oil – a natural resource which is hugely depleting – ensure a sustainably developed country for future generation? Major changes cutting across all human activities, lifestyles and values, innovations, alternatives as well as cooperation at and from all levels (local, national and global) are essential in order to implement and achieve sustainable development.
On this note, the UN established the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, adopted by member states in 2015, which are a group of 17 interlinked sustainable development goals providing an aspirational narrative and actionable agenda to be achieved for the desired future for human development. These goals, which are interconnected and interdependent, support member states in the achievement of sustainable development as they address a wide range of societal issues such as poverty, reduction of existing inequalities, improved health and education, while still focused on climate change, forest and ocean preservation, all of which if implemented, will promote prosperity, social inclusion, environmental sustainability and good governance.
One of the main challenges Nigeria encounters in the implementation of sustainable development is its over-reliance on the oil and gas sector. Other challenges include, lack of resources which include finances, infrastructure, weak institutions, lack of political will, to mention but a few. There is great urgency to diversify the economy to reduce over-reliance on one unsustainable sector characterized by depleting resources. Research and Innovation should be at the forefront of the country’s implementation strategies to enable the country, for example, identify cleaner technologies and more sustainable substitutes such as solar energy, gas. Nigeria will also have to commit more resources – finances in its budget, and continue to explore collaboration with global partners to effectively achieve a more sustainable development.
Nigeria, like others, continues to strive to achieve sustainable development and although it has succeeded in some areas in regards to implementation, it still faces key challenges which when adequately addressed, would go a long way in achieving development that will be sustainable for its future generations. A few recommendations include, investment in research, innovation and technologies, strengthening of existing institutions, adequate funding, advocacy and social re-orientation. Read full paper here.